In medical sciences, the movement of solid particles (solute) from an area of greater to lesser concentration is called by DIFFUSION.
A random passage of particles always occurs from a place of higher concentration to another of lower concentration. This happens until the distribution of the particles is uniform. From the moment the equilibrium is reached, as exchanges of substances between two media become proportional.
The passage of substances through cell membranes involves several mechanisms, among which we can mention:
✴ Passive transport (no loss of energy)
➡ Osmosis;
➡ Simple diffusion;
➡ Facilitated diffusion.
✴ Active transport (with loss of energy)
➡ Sodium and potassium pump
✴ Endocytosis and exocytosis
➡ Pinocytosis
➡ Phagocytosis
I hope I have helped!
