Answer:
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Point of view - Perspective (How you view life or certain situations)
Inference - Guess (Inference is when you dont know something, so you assume by reasoning with logic)
Narrator - Storyteller (A storyteller.)
Surrounding - Context (Context is the situation you or someone is in. It can also be words that surround a sentence or word that paint a better picture of the meaning.)
Guy de Maupassant's work are deemed naturalistic because his characters are usually the working class and they are often portrayed in a very harsh conditions of real life where misery is prevalent.
Majority of his themes are about war and German occupation. His stories focus more on women, especially those who are victims and prostitutes. A lot of his stories also focus of depression, paranoia, and madness usually resulting to death and destruction.