Answer:
increases; protein denaturation occurs
Explanation:
One of the characteristic of enzymes is the sensitivity to temperature .
Enzymes are sensitive to the changes in the environmental temperature.The enzymatic activities increases with increase in temperature,up to the optimum of 37 degrees in most animals.
However,once the optimum temperature has been exceeded,enzyme activities drops.This is because below optimum the rate of collision between the enzyme active sites and substrate molecules is very high,therefore more products are formed which increases the rate of reactions.
At temperature above the optimum,the high temperature breaks the bonds,especially the hydrogen bonds holding the 3D structure of the active sites.Therefore,substrate molecules can not fit into the active site,and therefore enzymatic actives of the enzyme is affected,and the enzyme is said to be denatured
Answer:
According to Fick's law, the rate of diffusion of any substance across any barrier is<u> directly proportional to the surface area of the membrane or any layer exposed. and the concentration of the diffusing substance available, but the rate is inversely proportional to the diffusion distance available.</u>
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Thus the rate at which oxygen will move across the phospholipid bilayer will depend on the concentration or amount per mole of the oxygen molecule hitting the phopholipid at a prticular time and how permeable the phospholipd layer is to oxygen molecules, but the rate of its movement across will be reduced as the distance between the phosphoslipid bilayer and the diffusing molecules increases.
Therefore, the concentration of oxygen should be maximised, the surface area of the phospholipid bilayer should also be maximized. the distances between the phopholipid and the vessel containing the diffusing oxygen molecules should be drastically reduced. With this Fick's law has been applied , and therefore maximum oxygen molecules can diffuse across.
Explanation:
Past climate changes led to extinction of many species, population migrations, and pronounced changes in the land surface and ocean circulation. The speed of the current climate change is faster than most of the past events, making it more difficult for human societies and the natural world to adapt.
Explanation:At each target effector, dual innervation determines activity. For example, the heart receives connections from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. One causes heart rate to increase, whereas the other causes heart rate to decrease.
