The answer is D. The author supplies a rebuttal that quotes more current research. He quotes two sources, an article from 2009 that argues that cell phones cause too many distractions (the counterclaim that he wishes to disprove) and a poll from 2013 that reveals that 67% of high school instructors now encourage students to use phones in the classroom setting. The second source serves as a counterpoint to the first, since it shows that high school instructors now view phones as a teaching aid instead of a source of distraction.
In literature a symbol can be subtle or obvious. In 'The Raven' the symbol is obvious. Poe himself meant the Raven to symbolize 'mournful, never-ending remembrance.' Our narrator's sorrow for his lost, perfect maiden Lenore is the driving force behind his conversation with the Raven
The conch comes to symbolize, c) order and civilization.
Can you at least put a picture or write some of the paragraphs that showed a bit of the grandmothers opinion about there vacation that would help me and answer that question that your stuck on.