Haploid refers to a cell that has has only one copy of each chromosome, like in a gamete such as a sperm cell or egg cell. Upon fertilization, the two haploids come together to form a full diploid cell (two copies of each chromosome) which then goes on to form the complete organism. Monosomy refers to a condition where there is only one copy of a specific chromosome. For example, in the human condition Turner Syndrome, there is only one X chromosome, instead of two sex chromosomes. Most incidences of monosomy other than Turner Syndrome are lethal, so there aren't many examples of it.
Xylem tissue that should help you out
Translation requires some specialized equipment. Just as you wouldn't go to play tennis without your racket and ball, so a cell couldn't translate an mRNA into a protein without two pieces of molecular gear: ribosomes and tRNAs.<span>Ribosomes provide a structure in which translation can take place. They also catalyze the reaction that links amino acids to make a new protein.</span><span>tRNAs (transfer RNAs) carry amino acids to the ribosome. They act as "bridges," matching a codon in an mRNA with the amino acid it codes for.</span>Here, we’ll take a closer look at ribosomes and tRNAs. If you're not yet familiar with RNA (which stands for ribonucleic acid), I highly recommend checking out the nucleic acids section first so you can get the most out of this article!Ribosomes: Where the translation happensTranslation takes place inside structures called ribosomes, which are made of RNA and protein. Ribosomes organize translation and catalyze the reaction that joins amino acids to make a protein chain.
Osmosis is basically the spread of water across a particular absorbent membrane.
