Answer:
G1 phase: 2C
S phase: 4C
G2 phase: 4C
Meiosis-I: 2C and Meiosis-II: C
Mitosis: 2C
Explanation:
Let's suppose that a cell with 2C DNA content enters the cell cycle. As the G1 cell with 2C content would enter the S phase, DNA replication would double the amount of DNA. Therefore, the cell by the end of the S phase and in the G2 phase would have 4C DNA.
If the G2 cell with 4C DNA enters meiosis-I, separation of homologous chromosomes to the opposite poles in anaphase-I would reduce the DNA content to 2C. Therefore, the cell by the end of anaphase-I would have 2C content. Meiosis-II would further reduce the DNA content in anaphase-II by separation of sister chromatids to opposite poles. Therefore, each of the four daughter cells formed by the end of meiosis would have C DNA content.
If the G2 cell with 4C DNA enters mitosis, separation of sister chromatids to opposite poles in anaphase would reduce the DNA content. Therefore, each of the two daughter cells formed by the end of mitosis would have 2C DNA content.
Answer:
Drought, heatwaves, hurricanes and storm surges caused through climate change will hurt the sustainability of the Earth.
There will be an increase in poverty, a large amount of money will be needed to repair the damage. This money could have been used to better education systems or provide clean water.
Answer:
The correct answer is C
Explanation:
Cytotoxic cells are lymphocytes that kills or destroy cancerous cells, infected cells especially the one infected with virus, and damaged cells.
Cytotoxic cells does not secret antibodies to fight pathogens but the secret granzyme and perforin to kills infected cells.
They recognised their host cells by using their T cell receptors(TCR).
