Answer:
Crusades were significant as it strengthened the power of the religious authority at that time, and were a way for a lot of colonial expedition after that.
It's negative results were the same of any religious crusade as it hit the cord of religion only and judge others from their religious point of view only, and also many massacres happened.
The positive results were building communication bridges with those countries and communities.
Because it had the technology and capacity to do so. They also had a strong demand for coal abroad, thus they had a greater incentive to industrialise. Coal + industrialisation = $$.
Not only this but the evolving industrial sector for weaving, thanks to the spinning Jenny lead to further industrialisation. The mechanisation of farming led to urbanisation as well. Displaced farmers and their families moving to the cities in search of work.
Answer:
The biggest challenge facing newly independent countries is the challenge of political stability and keeping the country united, this is because newly independent countries often became independent as a result of bloody wars that resulted in an unstable enviroment and political feuds among conflicting factions.
For leaders to prevent his from happening, they would have had to be assertive in their goals and in the form of government that they feel would have been convenient for the newly independent country.
Brazil I believe because they had control over most of the South American continent / islands
He was sent on a voyage<span> to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia.</span>
