Answer:
1. This is a "RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT".
A randomized controlled experiment is a type of research study, were the researcher randomly select samples in other not to be biased. This samples are separated into two groups, which are the experimental and the controlled group.
2. The research has a treatment group and a controlled group.
A treatment group are those group that received some special treatment from the researcher, it can also be called the experimental group. According to the research, the treatment group are those who are in the POVERTA scheme. That is the 320 communities.
A controlled group are those group that were not given any special treatment, but are , separated and studied. According to the research the controlled group are those 185 communities
3. This research provides evidence that being in a community receiving POVERTA benefits is associated with a lower rate of childhood illness. Because after two years, it was noticed the children in the community that receives POVERTA has low rate of illness, than the children in a community that doesn't receive the benefits of POVERTA.
4. This study does not provide evidence that being in a community receiving POVERTA benefits causes a lower rate of childhood illness. Because the research did not involve treatment of illnesses and they is no experimental evidence that shows that POVERTA benefits is interrelated with illness, as illness involves the internal functions of human body.
5. Such study will be called a "RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT". Because their randomly isolated themselves, and the POVERTA treatment was not given to them. The researcher was not based in selecting them not to participate.
To solve the inequality 

The numerator
is not factorizable.
so factor the denominator
:

Now take 
Then we get factor of the denominator as 
Thus 
Now 
Signs of 

is the required solution of the given inequality.
P(subject
lied | negative results) = 4/19
P(negative
results | subject lied) = 8/49
I am hoping that these answers
have satisfied your queries and it will be able to help you in your endeavors, and
if you would like, feel free to ask another question.
Answer is <span>C. 80
hope that helps
75% are full with 20 seats empty so </span>20 seats empty = 25%
75% * 20 / 25% = 60