When cells communicate by the signaling process, one cell produces a signaling molecule that must be received by the signal receptor on or in the responding cell. Signaling molecules are often called ligands, a general term for molecules that bind specifically to other molecules (such as receptors).
Meiosis produce cells with half the chromosomes, because a<span> gamete needs only half the number of chromosomes, because two gametes join together. </span>
Because it makes accessing them easier for the cell, it is assumed that the bases will be on the outside of the DNA molecule.
<h3>
What is DNA molecule?</h3>
- Because the two DNA strands are made up of simpler monomeric units termed nucleotides, they are referred to as polynucleotides.
- Each nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and one of the four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A], or thymine [T]).
- An alternating sugar-phosphate backbone is created when the nucleotides are linked together in a chain by covalent connections (also referred to as the phospho-diester linkage) between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next.
- To create double-stranded DNA, the nitrogenous bases of the two distinct polynucleotide strands are joined by hydrogen bonds in accordance with the base pairing principles (A with T and C with G). Pyrimidines and purines make up the two families of complimentary nitrogenous bases.
To learn more about DNA molecule with the given link
brainly.com/question/22499464
#SPJ4
Arteries: any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.
Capillaries: any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
Veins: any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart.
They are all similar because not only are they all connected to the heart, but they transfer blood and nutrients all around the body. They are different by where they are located and how effective their function is.
Explanation:
Regular reflection happens when light reflects off an awfully smooth surface and forms a clear picture.
Diffuse reflection happens when light reflects off a unpleasant surface and forms a hazy picture or no picture at all.
