The correct answer is: 5) NER recognizes helix distortions, while BER recognizes specific base damage.
DNA damage that occurs as a result of radiation, oxidizing reagents, chemicals and other mutagens can be repaired. Excision repair repairs single strand DNA damage and it includes:
• Nucleotide excision repair (NER)-it detects and repairs types of damage that distort the DNA double helix such as those of UV radiation (thymine dimers); not only the damaged nucleotide(s) are removed but also a surrounding patch of DNA
• Base excision repair (BER)-it detects and removes certain types of damaged bases (small, non-helix-distorting bases); enzyme glycosylase is responsible for this type of repair
While it is still in the nucleus in order to become a mature mRNA. The mature mRNA is exported from the nucleus to the cytosol, where it is translated at a ribosome to make a polypeptide.
Answer:
Following are the similarities between vacuoles and lysosomes.
1) Both vacuoles and lysosomes helps in the removal of water materials from the cell.
2) Both vacuoles and lysosomes are the organelles of the cell which are present in compartments.
3) Both vacuoles and lysosomes helps in the digestion of food materials inside the cell.
4) Both vacuoles and lysosomes holds materials inside their structure which are necessary for the cell.
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