The action potential spreads through an axon by depolarizing adjacent membrane to threshold.
- K+ departs the cell after Na+, which enters the cell first. Ions can move freely across the axon membrane because of the difference during the action potential.
- Because sodium contains a positive charge, the neuron becomes more positive and depolarized. Potassium channels take longer to open. As soon as the cell does open, K+ rushes out, reversing the depolarization known as repolarization.
- Sodium channels close during the peak of the action potential when potassium leaves the cell. When potassium ions are effluxed, the membrane potential is lowered or the cell becomes hyperpolarized.
- Outside of the cell, the concentration of Na+ is greater than inside the cell. while the concentration of K+ is is greater inside the cell than outside.
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Answer:
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Answer:
macroevolution
Explanation:
Macroevolution occurs due to the genetic differences accumulates in the population of the same species which gets reproductively isolated from the older population and got different environments and resources to live.
Macroevolution leads to the creation of a new species over a long period of time because of the genetic difference that occurs due to mutation in the gene in the population who got reproductively isolated. So the new species evolved from the macroevolution.
The similarities between bones of humans and other animals shows that every living creature on earth has a common ancestor, even if that common ancestor is as simple as a sing-celled organism.
