When Kafka was ill, he wrote a letter to Max Brod telling him to burn his unpublished manuscripts. However, Max ignored the letter and published Kafka's manuscripts.
A static character is a the person who doesn’t change significantly
I cant see the rest of the passage, but im taking a guess that it is no.2!
The theme is used to convey the message/lesson of a text. For example, the lesson of “The Tortoise and the Hare” is that slow and steady wins the race. Therefore, the theme of “The Tortoise and the Hare” is that slow and steady wins the race. Hope this helps!