It can't be C, the feudal system, because that relates to Europe. It can't be B, the Chinese dynastic cycle, because that relates to ancestry. It cannot be D, the Egyptian hierarchy, because the Mandate of Heaven was created in China, the answer legitimately has the word "Egypt" in there. So, you are left with <u><em>A, the Shang social order</em></u>, which makes since I previously mentioned that the Mandate of Heaven was created in China.
The Dynastic Circle in China ..... The New Dynasty: Restore peace Redistributes land to the peasants Appoints loyal officers repairs defensive walls Build roads, canals, and irrigation projects
After several generations the new dynasty becomes aging dynasty
Problems symbolic of lost mandate: Peasant rebellions; foolds; famine, earthquake; armed bandits in provinces; invasions
Federalism is the separation of state and national government's powers. One of the reasons that the Civil War occurred was over the debate of state vs. national powers.