The limpel-ziv (lz77) compression technique is used by the GNU zip (gzip) tool to produce a compression ratio of 60–70%.
<h3>How do methods for data compression function? Describe the LZW algorithm.</h3>
Compression methods lower the amount of memory needed to hold pictures and the number of bytes needed to represent data. Compression improves the amount of data that can be delivered over the internet and enables the storage of more photos on a given media.
Abraham Lempel, Jacob Ziv, and Terry Welch developed the table-based lookup technique known as LZW compression to compress a file into a smaller file. The TIFF image format and the GIF image format are two frequently used file formats that employ LZW compression.
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Answer:
Broadcast message
Explanation:
A broadcast message is an identical message sent to a lot of recipients. When it is an email, it can be sent in Carbon Copy (Cc) or a Blind Carbon Copy (Bcc) form.
With the<em> Carbon Copy</em>, every recipients will be notified about the other recipients. In most cases all the email usernames of the recipients will be sent to all the recipients individually.
With the <em>Blind Carbon Copy</em>, every individual sees the message as he/she received it alone. The individual is not notified about the other recipients.
The answer is
Recipient's ability to open file
Size of file
Sometimes, it might occur that the email message attachment you’ve sent to someone has an error or is corrupt and thus, limits the recipient ability to open the file. Another factor is the size of the file. All email servers limit the size of the file attached in an email that a recipient can receive mainly because of security reasons. Google Mail, for instance, only allows you to send 25MB only. This might limit the ability to attach files to e-mail messages as well.
Answer:
- import statistics
- def st_dev(file_name):
- with open(file_name) as file:
- data = file.readlines()
- numList = []
- for x in data:
- numList.append(int(x))
-
- return statistics.pstdev(numList)
- print(st_dev("text1.txt"))
Explanation:
The solution code is written using Python.
To ease the calculation task, we can import Python statistics module to use the pstdev method to calculate the population standard deviation of a list of numbers (Line 1).
Next, create a st_dev function that take single argument file_name (Line 3). In the function, it will open the input file and read the data line by line (Line 4-5). Create a for loop to traverse through each line of the data which is an integer and append it to numList (Line 7-8). We can pass the numList to pstdev method (Line 10) and return the resulting standard deviation value as output.
We test the function by passing a file which hold a list of integer values in each line (Line 12).
8
9
12
11
21
15
16
10
7
13
And the output we shall get is 4.019950248448356
I don’t know if this helps, but here are three types of main flows: flow of material/goods, flow of money/cash, and flow of information.
