When sea routes were discovered
The immediate cause of World War I that made the aforementioned items come into play (alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism) was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a Serbian-nationalist terrorist group called the Black Hand sent groups to assassinate the Archduke.
It’s on google
A republic. It later became a dictatorship, but it was founded a republic.
4% of 5000 is 200. 200 per year for 3 years would be $600. Hope this helps! :)