During this time period, the federal government was relatively weak. Moreover, the Gilded Age was a period in which social assistance was not common, and it did not have the support it had in later years.
Most social assistance was provided by religious institutions due to a change in ideology called the "Third Great Awakening," in which religious attitudes became more progressive. This allowed institutions such as the YMCA, the Salvation Army and Hull House to be established. The federal government implemented programs such as emergency relief programs, work relief programs, and agricultural programs.
These programs were moderately successful. However, their main contribution was influencing politics, which led to the Populist Party and eventually the Progressive movement.
Dispute settlement is the central pillar of the multilateral trading system, and the WTO unique contribution to the stability of the global economy. Without a means of settling disputes, the rules-based system would be less effective because the rules could not be enforced. The WTO procedure underscores the rule of law, and it makes the trading system more secure and predictable. The system is based on clearly-defined rules, with timetables for completing a case. First rulings are made by a panel and endorsed (or rejected) by the WTO’s full membership. Appeals based on points of law are possible. However, the point is not to pass judgement. The priority is to settle disputes, through consultations if possible. By January 2008, only about 136 of the 369 cases had reached the full panel process. Most of the rest have either been notified as settled “out of court” or remain in a prolonged consultation phase — some since 1995.
Churches
Churches such as the African Methodist Episcopal Church became the training ground for generations of African American leaders. Churches provided vital preparation for generations of African activists and leaders including Martin Luther and Jesse Jackson as they were able to minister and champion the rights of African Americans
France helped by blocking off the English
- people would be healthier
- increases life expectancy
- boom in a population as child mortality rates, ect. are less of a problem
