The answer is 4. there are no constitutional requirements in order to be a federal judge. The US constitution guides the process for confirming a federal judge, but does not specify qualifications. It is important for a federal judge is not required to possess a law degree unless he serves as magistrate or bankruptcy judge. In most cases the assessors of judicial candidates apply their own criteria. Therefore the presidents and members of congress develop their own standards for federal judgeships.
Trade was the motivating factor. The silk road accross Asia was besieged by bandits & required bribes to a number of nations to transport goods to & from Asia. Therefore a sea route would be a much safer & less expensive means of getting trade goods to & from Asia.
Erwin Rommel he was known as "desert fox" due his victories when he was deployed in Africa
