The Kansas-Nebraska Act passed May 30, 1854 allowed the territories of Kansas & Nebraska to decide themselves wether or not they would adopt slavery. This infuriated the Northerns who followed the Missouri Compromise and the Southerns pushed for slavery in the territories. Due to this two legislation in Kansas many people opposed each other giving Kansas the nickname "Bleeding Kansas" President Pierce had to send in Federal Troops to cease the civil unrest.
Too summarize the Kansas-Nebraska act stated that the territories could vote wether or not they should adopt slavery.
The 21st Amendment is the only constitutional amendment that was ratified
In the 600's, Islam spread far North and East Africa through trade and the spread of the Arabic language. The expansion of the Arab Empire in the years following the Prophet Muhammad's death led to the creation of caliphates, occupying a vast geographical area and conversion to Islam was boosted by missionary activities particularly those of Imams, who easily intermingled with local populace to propagate the religious teachings.
The answer is B - Mesopotamia