Just World Phenomenon. Mary tells you that she thinks the reason people live in poverty is because they are lazy. Mary's thinking is an example of the Just World Phenomenon.
Explanation:
The Just World phenomenon is generally a belief of people that the world is Just, and what reaches someone is what he or she deserves. People generally believe that the world is fair and if something wrong happens with someone, it is truly because of that person's own fault. This is the irrational and illogical approach to rationalize the injustice of the world where people usually blame the person who is actually a victim.
Just like stated in this question, Mary thinks that people who live in poverty are just because they are lazy and don't want to work. Rather the real situation is often the opposite of it. People want to work but they don't get opportunities to get work. It is very easy to point fingers on people but when it comes to their own selves, it becomes so hard to bear. Everyone knows his situation better than others. No body knows that what are the situations a person is going through. So blaming the person for the failure is totally irrational and unjustified.
Learn more about world's injustice:
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Specialization increases productivity which is good for the producers. Consumers have more options, since there are more products on the market. Specialization also contributes to better quality of production and the final products because in the chain of production each employee is specialized in doing one thing in the best way.
Militarism,alliances,imperialism,nationalism
B.) generalization it is a well known fact and it explains why women live longer than guys.
