It was a prime spot, near teh water, and it connects Egypt and Mesopotamia 
        
             
        
        
        
I believe 3 is the answer, because I think the U.S bought a part of Mexico.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
The rise of Turkic states
hope that helped <3
 
        
             
        
        
        
Variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce.