Answer:
The average trait value changed in one direction.(In this case, larger size)
Explanation:
In evolution a natural selection can be disruptive, directional or stabilizing
In stabilizing no extreme trait is favored hence provides intermediate values .
Disruptive selection both extreme traits are favored over the intermediate trait.
Directional, the enviroment will favor the survival of one trait hence a change in direction either towards the left or the right.
In the case of swallow cliff mortality, selection favored the larger size.
Explanation:
Central dogma represents the pathway in which the information encoded in the DNA flows into proteins.
The DNA is made up of the nucleotide monomers in which the nitrogenous bases are present as one of the constituents. These bases are present in the sequence are transcribed into the RNA molecule through the process of transcription.
The nitrogenous sequences in this RNA molecule are then translated into the proteins through the process of translation during which the sequence is read in pairs of three called "codons". A specific amino acid is attached to the peptide when the codons are read by the translation machinery and a protein is formed.
These proteins could perform various roles in organisms from physical to biochemical and thus the physical traits are controlled by the DNA.
This is because bacteria are single-celled organisms.As opposed to animals and plants, which are multicellular organisms, bacteria are not - they consist of one cell only. This is what makes the entire process of binary fission much simpler than mitosis in plants and animals - because of the number of cells these organisms contain.
Some genetic mutations can be completely harmless, while others are life-altering. Mutations happen when DNA is copied incorrectly. This causes an irregularity in the DNA. Mutations are permanent changes to genetic material that can be passed on to offspring. These changes happen randomly and can occur in any type of gene. While some mutations are not harmful (hazel eyes, for example), many mutations have harmful effects on health.
I believe this is because the frameshift mutations can affect many amino acids.
Frame shift mutation is produced by either insertion of deletion of one or more new bases. Since the reading frame begins at the start site, any mRNA produced from mutated DNA sequence will be read out of frame after the point of the insertion or deletion, thus producing a nonsense protein.
