Explanation:
Fertility, mortality and migration are principal determinants of population growth. Population change depends on the natural increase changes seen in birth rates and the change seen in migration. Changes in population size can be predicted based on changes in fertility (births), mortality (deaths) and migration rates.
Answer: Critical thinking.
Explanation:
Rita is involved in critical thinking when making a decision on which phone to buy. Critical thinking involves gathering information on a subject matter, analysing the information and then coming to conclusion or making a decision based on information gathered.
I think the correct answer would be the last option. In this case, spanking was an unconditioned stimulus for Colin's fear. These are stimuli that are natural, automatic and are unconditional that would trigger responses. An example would be when you smell your favorite food, you suddenly feel hunger.