The Karger's algorithm relates to graph theory where G=(V,E) is an undirected graph with |E| edges and |V| vertices. The objective is to find the minimum number of cuts in edges in order to separate G into two disjoint graphs. The algorithm is randomized and will, in some cases, give the minimum number of cuts. The more number of trials, the higher probability that the minimum number of cuts will be obtained.
The Karger's algorithm will succeed in finding the minimum cut if every edge contraction does not involve any of the edge set C of the minimum cut.
The probability of success, i.e. obtaining the minimum cut, can be shown to be ≥ 2/(n(n-1))=1/C(n,2), which roughly equals 2/n^2 given in the question.Given: EACH randomized trial using the Karger's algorithm has a success rate of P(success,1) ≥ 2/n^2.
This means that the probability of failure is P(F,1) ≤ (1-2/n^2) for each single trial.
We need to estimate the number of trials, t, such that the probability that all t trials fail is less than 1/n.
Using the multiplication rule in probability theory, this can be expressed as
P(F,t)= (1-2/n^2)^t < 1/n
We will use a tool derived from calculus that
Lim (1-1/x)^x as x->infinity = 1/e, and
(1-1/x)^x < 1/e for x finite.
Setting t=(1/2)n^2 trials, we have
P(F,n^2) = (1-2/n^2)^((1/2)n^2) < 1/e
Finally, if we set t=(1/2)n^2*log(n), [log(n) is log_e(n)]
P(F,(1/2)n^2*log(n))
= (P(F,(1/2)n^2))^log(n)
< (1/e)^log(n)
= 1/(e^log(n))
= 1/n
Therefore, the minimum number of trials, t, such that P(F,t)< 1/n is t=(1/2)(n^2)*log(n) [note: log(n) is natural log]
Answer:
$3.06
Step-by-step explanation:
First we need to calculate the mark up
The mark-up rate is 150% = 1.5 as a decimal
New price = original price + original price * markup rate
= 61.20 + 61.20* 1.50
= 61.20 + 91.80
= 153
The new price is 153.00
Commission is the price times his commission rate
commission = price* .02
= 153*.02
= 3.06
Neil will make 3.06 on the sale of the table
Answer:
where is the work i dont see it
Step-by-step explanation:
Answer:
12 weeks
Step-by-step explanation:
Step one:
given data
let the heights of the plants be y
and the number of weeks be x
Plant A
y=3x+8.5--------------1
Plant B
y=2.5x+14.5----------2
Required
The number of weeks taken for both plants to have the same height
,equate the two expressions above
3x+8.5=2.5x+14.5
3x-2.5x=14.5-8.5
0.5x= 6
divide both sides by 0.5
x= 6/0.5
x= 12 weeks
Answer:
the probability is 1/6, or 16.6%
