She wanted to avoid bloodshed because the US basically said give us your power or we will invade
The literary device that Gordimer employs in the excerpt is Imagery.
Imagery is a literary device used to represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses. Usually it is thought that imagery makes use of particular words that create visual representation of ideas in our minds.
1 be honest
2 show repsect
3 love eachother
4 neve rhurt that person