True.
The earth is made of several subsystems or spheres that interact to form a complex and continuously changing (dynamic) state that is termed as the earth system.
Even though the earth system is a closed system, it self regulates through the subsystems such as the water cycle and carbon cycle.
The earth system is characterized by numerous overlapping cycles in which matter is recycled over and over again. Cycles involve multiple spheres and systems interactions. Humans impact and are impacted by the cycles in various ways.
They have different genes.
Autotrophic.
Dark reaction happens in the photosynthetic process of plants or autotrophs.
(a) A giant redwood tree = Autotroph
(b) A spider = Heterotroph
(c) A rose bush = Autotroph
(d) A mushroom = Heterotroph
(e) A blue whale = Heterotroph
<span>Autrophs are the organisms that have the capacity to form their own food from inorganic substances like the carbon dioxide. </span>
<span>Heterotrophs are the organisms that cannot produce their own food but depends on other animals or plants for their nutritional needs.</span>
The answer would be catalyst.