Why "B" because if the price is less than the equilibrium price, then people will buy the products more and it also states the demand for it is greater than the equilibrium quantity leaving a shortage (less number of the quantity actually wanted)
Why "C" because if the price is more than the equilibrium price, then people will buy the products less and it also states the demand for it is less than the equilibrium quantity leaving a surplus (an excess number of the quantity actually wanted will be left)
