A) In classical conditioning, we need the toddler (US) to discontinue running across a street (UR) by associating it with something unpleasant.
During conditioning, we can use shouting as a neutral stimulus. (NS) Every time the toddler approaches the street (US) it will be associated with yelling. The toddler will then respond to the yelling with fear. (UR)
After conditioning, the toddler will associate crossing the street with fear, without the presence of yelling. (CR)
This method has been proved to generate phobias.
B) When it comes to removing a phobia, it may require <em>systematic desensitization</em>, a type a behavioral therapy based off of classical conditioning. It aims to remove fear (UR)
When the child sees the dog (US) the child is fearful (UR) so we would need relaxation techniques. For example, sweets can be used as a positive reinforcement. (NS)
During conditioning, every time the child is placed with a friendly dog, the child is rewarded with sweets. With enough repetition, the child will willing interact with the dog; play time is the conditioned stimulus, and sense of well-being is the conditioned response.
Answer: Self-awareness
Explanation: Self-awareness simply means familiarity or knowledge of one's ability, character or individuality. It refers to an indepth knowledge and understanding of one's personal attribute. It is an individual's conscious knowledge or thought of one's own personality traits, emotion, feelings and perception. It enables an individual to acknowledge differences in his behavioral patterns and that of others within the environment.
Texas changed from a one party Democratic state to a one party Republican state with the 1980 presidential election of Ronald Reagan.
The Republican party developed dramatically in Texas during the Reconstruction Era, post constitutional amendments freeing the slaves giving suffrage to black males. After the Reconstruction Era, the Republican party of Texas gradually lost power and the Democrats passed disfranchising laws near the turn of the century requiring poll taxes be paid prior to voter registration, with parties establishing white primaries , black voting dropped.
As a result, the biggest base of electoral support for the Republican party in Texas was German Texan community. The first Republican statewide primary was held in 1926, but drew only 15, 239 voters as by the disfranchisement was well established and Texas was essentially a one- party state.
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