<span>Barack Obama defeated Hillary Clinton in the 2008 Democratic Party primaries. On June 7, 2008, Clinton issued a statement stating that she was suspending her campaign. After securing the nomination, Barack Obama went on to win the presidency by defeating John McCain in the national election.</span>
It was a trigger that showed that there were two competing powers in Europe: Russia and Austria-Hungary (and their allies).
Franz Ferdinand was killed by a Serbian separatist and the Austrians wanted him to be punished. On the other hand, Russia supported Serbia is saying that Austrian demands ( to be allowed to search for the culprit inside Serbia) were too much.
This lead to a direct conflict between the two powers (Austria and Russia) and further lead to the war.
The answer is income taxes
James Madison played a great role in establishment of the US as a republic. During the writing of the constitution, the founding fathers were adamant that they wanted democratic system of governance. However, they were torn between a direct democracy and a republican democracy. James Madison dismissed a direct democracy since the US is a large country and thus impossible to be governed through direct pure democracy. Instead, the father of the constitution argued for a scheme of representation in a republican setting. He especially lauded such a government since it even catered for the rights of the minority than in direct democracies.
