For this kind of questions, what you can do is to find a point on the figure and see what translations it does.
For example, you can find the point (4,2) on the figure H. And then look at each choices to see if the statement is correct.
For this question, the answer is B. The point (4,2) finally change to the (4,-8) on the figure H'. It has a vertical translation of 10 units down.
Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:
The line passes through points 
Let 
Equation of a line passing through points
is given by 

So,

Put 

Answer:
-3
Step-by-step explanation:
Use slope formula to find the slope of the first road:
(y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
(1 - 5) / (-1 - 11)
-4 / -12
1 / 3
The slope of a line perpendicular to this line would just be the negative reciprocal of the slope:
-3 / 1 or just -3