Mammalian fertilization comprises sperm migration through the female reproductive tract, biochemical and morphological changes to sperm, and sperm-egg interaction in the oviduct. Recent gene knockout approaches in mice have revealed that many factors previously considered important for fertilization are largely dispensable, or if they are essential, they have an unexpected function. These results indicate that what has been observed in in vitro fertilization (IVF) differs significantly from what occurs during “physiological” fertilization. This Review focuses on the advantages of studying fertilization using gene-manipulated animals and highlights an emerging molecular mechanism of mammalian fertilization.
Answer: D. Digestion increases as the volume of the enzyme increases.
Explanation:
Enzymes speed up reactions by reducing the activation time of a reaction. If there are more enzymes therefore, the reaction will move faster.
Pepsin is an enzyme that prefers acidic conditions so it can work with dilute HCL. It can also work in temperatures of 40 °C without getting denatured. As more Pepsin is added therefore, the reaction will move faster and digestion will increase.
Among the given choices, the only positive effect that may be thought off with the increase in level of CO2 in the atmosphere is the increase of plant growth. Carbon dioxide is an essential compound in the photosynthesis of plants. Therefore, the answer should be letter C.
