Answer:
ATP
Explanation:
We are well aware of the fact that ATP is considered to be the energy currency of the cell. If we talk about cell activities it needs an energy input. No doubt that H+ ions play an important role in electron transport chain step of the production of ATP, but the ultimate product which is used by the cell is ATP.
AMP and ADP are also energy sources but they contain less amount of energy as compared to ADP because in ATP there are three phosphate bonds and each bond upon breakage releases almost 7.3 kj/mol of energy. So it definitely will be more in ATP as compared to ADP and AMP.
Hope t help!
Answer: Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur in 1860s, proposed germ theory. The theory was based upon the fact that diseases are caused by the microorganisms. He was officially the first to publish his work.
Answer:
I think it's A but I could be wrong so really sorry if I am
Answer:
By far, the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen, which accounts for about 78% of the mass of dry air.
Explanation:
Simple version:
First, the section with the desirable gene must be identified. Assuming that has already happened, the section of DNA must be excised from the original genome using restriction enzymes, which recognize certain DNA sequences and snip DNA at those sites. DNA ligase is used to "glue" these ends back together. The DNA is inserted into a plasmid (also with restriction enzymes), which would usually contain antibiotic-resistance genes (so they survive in an environment containing the antibiotic, which would also help show if the bacteria have been successfully transformed).
Then comes the actual transformation process. The bacteria to be transformed are mixed with calcium chloride (which causes the bacteria to be more receptive to the plasmids) and then mixed with the plasmids. The bacterial cells are subjected to a heat shock (the solution is heated and rapidly cooled, e.g. by placing the mixture in a hot water bath and quickly transferred to ice) so they will take up the plasmid (since the temperature change makes the membrane more permeable). The bacteria are placed on a growth medium containing the antibiotic they're resistant to. Only those successfully transformed would survive.
