the repolarization of the cell.
Mechanism :
Action potentials are signals that are sent and received by muscle and nerve cells. Because of the negative concentration gradient in the resting membrane potential of nerve cells, there are more positively charged ions outside the cell than inside. There are more sodium ions outside the cell and more potassium ions within because these positively charged ions are sodium ions. Action potentials cause the membrane to depolarize, which is followed by the process of repolarizing the cell. The membrane potential changes and reverts to the negative value of the resting potential during repolarization. The potassium channels open and the sodium channels close at this stage, allowing the nerve cell to lose positively charged ions.
To learn more about repolarization refer: brainly.com/question/8871964
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4.6 million years ago the earth had less green house gasses so the atmosphere was cooler rather than hotter.
Answer:
Plant cell. | Animal cell
______________________________|_____________________________
<em> 1. Cell wall is present </em>|<em> 1. Cell wall is absent</em>
<em> 2. cytoplasm is not as desnse </em>|<em> 2. Cytoplasm is dense</em>
<em> as animal cell </em>| <em> 3. Valcoule is genrally absent but if </em>
<em> 3.A large vacoule is present </em>| <em> present they are smaller in size</em>
<em> 4.Plastids are usually present </em> | <em> 4. Plastids are absent</em>
<em> 5.centrosome is absent </em>|<em> 5. Centrosome is present</em>
<em>____________________________________________________________</em>
<em>Hope this helps :D</em>
Answer:
ATP is used for many cell functions including <u><em>moving substances across cell membranes</em></u>, <u><em>supplying the energy needed for muscle contraction</em></u>, <u><em>supplying the needed energy to synthesize the multi-thousands of types of macromolecules</em></u> that the cell needs to exist. It supplies energy not only to heart muscle (for blood circulation) and skeletal muscle (such as for gross body movement), but also to the chromosomes and flagella to enable them to carry out their many functions. ATP is <em><u>also used as an on-off switch both to control chemical reactions and to send messages.</u></em>
'Will you be able to trace the father of calves?'
In short, yes, you would be able to trace the father of calves.
Hope this helped!