<span>Federal Court Jurisdiction
The authority of a federal court to hear a case, its so-called "jurisdiction," is limited by the constitution to certain subject matters and parties.
Subject Matter
Federal Court Jurisdiction is often involves cases involving "federal questions," - the interpretation of a provision in the Constitution and application of any federal law or treaty, or a question of admiralty or maritime law, or cases between certain parties.
Parties
A case also falls within Federal Court Jurisdiction if the case involves
(1) the United States or one of its officers or agencies
(2) an ambassador, consul, or other official representative of a foreign government
(3) one of the 50 states suing another state, a resident of another state, or a foreign government or one of its subjects
(4) a citizen of one State suing a citizen of another State
(5) an American citizen suing a foreign government or one of its subjects
(6) a citizen of a State suing another citizen of the same State where both claim title to land under grants from different States</span>
Answer:
The 12 tables were a codification of the customary law of the tribes that founded the Roman state, but was selected and amended according to the needs of the ruling class. they had a small number of provisions that regulate the exchange of goods, provides for severe sanctions against debtors, strict formalism of procedures, attachment to religion, etc. The main part of the law is dedicated to court proceedings and sanctions for torts. It contains several provisions on family and inheritance law, on the law of obligations and a few more provisions on property. One table is dedicated to public law and religion.
Explanation:
Roman law arose only when an attempt was made to codify the law of the Twelve Tables, the oldest Roman law passed 451 BC at the request of the plebeians to limit the arbitrariness of patricians. It got its name from the fact that it was written on twelve bronze plates and displayed on the Forum.
The text has not been preserved, but it has been reconstructed, probably not in its entirety, on the basis of quotations in the works of Roman jurists.
The Purpose of Government Regulation of Business. The U.S. government has set many business regulations in place to protect employees' rights, protect the environment and hold corporations accountable for the amount of power they have in a very business-driven society.
Around the time of Julius Caesar the form of roman government effected the change from the form of Republic to that of Empire. This, however, only happenned after his death by assassination and was succeeded by his grandnephew Octavius, who in fact was the first Roman Emperor.
