Jefferson definitely altered his previous philosophy on the power of government in the sense that before he entered office, he was against strong centralized power, and yet after entering office he ordered so executive actions (such as the Louisiana Purchase) that would have been his former self surely cringe.
Great Britain, France were allied nations.
The strategic objectives of the Great War for Empire were to gain as much land as possible, getting the natural resources from there, use it for production of valuable goods, spreading the culture.
In general, it can be stated that the European powers were very successful in accomplishing global domination. If the territories of the European powers in the colonial period are put together, they rule over most of the planet. Apart from the motherlands, both North and South America were conquered, Australia as well, big portions of Asia, and all of Africa, with the British Empire having the largest territory if looking individually.
Carolina was given to eight Britishmen back in 1660 by Charles II of England. In 1729 some British politicians didn't agree with King Charles and decided to claim a portion of the land back from the original eight men.