Answer:
The correct option is A
Countercurrent multiplication is the process whereby energy is used to generate an osmotic gradient in which water is reabsorbed from the tubular fluid to produced concentrated urine.
Explanation:
Countercurrent multiplication moves sodium chloride from tubular fluid into interstitial space deep within the kidneys. The concurrent multiplication process build up osmotic gradient interstitial fluid in a single effect. Here, sodium chloride is driven by active transport out of the tubular fluid in the thick ascending limb into the interstitial fluid, which becomes hyperosmotic. This result to water moving passively down its concentration gradient out of the tubular fluid in the descending limb into the interstitial space to a point where it attains a state of equilibrium.
Therefore,the correct option is A, where the ions leaves the ascending limb to make water comes out of descending limb.
A pollutant is a substance or energy introduced into the environment that has undesired effects, or adversely affects the usefulness of a resource.
The exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids that may result in new gene combinations on the chromosomes is called the random assortment. It involves formation of random combinations of chromosomes in meiosis and of genes on different pairs of homologous chromosomes by the passage according to the laws of probability of one of each diploid pair of homologous chromosomes into each gamete independently to each other pair.
The two are potassium and rubidium. Why? Na is an alkali metal. As you go down the metals become more reactive.
Calcium has 20 protons. Why? The atomic # is 20 (the one at the top).
It has 20 neutrons. Why? The atomic mass (the number on the bottom) is ~40, ignoring electron mass. 40- 20 protons = 20 neutrons.
It has 20 electrons.
Why? The # of protons and electrons is the same. Ions aren't on the periodic table.
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