Abu Bakr was elected after Muhammad's death
Answer:
11. D. Jerusalem
12. A. Christians and Muslims
13. C. the Pope
Explanation:
11. D. This was followed later in the year by the Council of Vermonter, during which Pope Urban II supported the Byzantine request for military assistance and also urged faithful Christians to undertake an armed pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
12. A. The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.
13. C. On November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II makes perhaps the most influential speech of the Middle Ages, giving rise to the Crusades by calling all Christians in Europe to war against Muslims in order to reclaim the Holy Land, with a cry of “Deus vult!” or “God wills it!”
Answer:
This is a very broad topic, but most political scientists would highlight three areas:
Education, Political Culture, Equal opportunities.
An educated society is much more likely to support the plurality of opinions needed for a healthy democracy. Educated citizens are not so easily manipulated.
A democratic political culture of respect and tolerance is also a must. People should be ready to accept when their candidates or opinions are not supported by a majority. Similarly, a majority should understand that democracy is not the dictatorship of a majority.
Lastly, an unequal society might hinder democracy. Political choices are limited for those who face harder conditions.
Explanation: mark most brainliest pls
