The Directory was a five-member committee which governed France from 1795, when it replaced the Committee of Public Safety, until it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Coup of 18 Brumaire (8–9 November 1799) and replaced by the French Consulate.
The Space Race. One of the most important forms of non-violent competition between the U.S. and the USSR during the Cold War was the Space Race, with the Soviets taking an early lead in 1957 with the launching of Sputnik, the first artificial satellite, followed by the first manned flight.
The Tower of London was built in the year 1078 by King William, Duke of Normandy.
This Tower is more than 1000 years old and is the oldest palace, fortress and prison in Europe. History tells us that King Edward of England failed to keep a promise to give his throne to William, Duke of Normandy but instead gave it to Harold Godwinson, his English brother in law.
William became angry and sent his army across the English channel to conquer England and on October 14, 1066 he fought with Harold and won the battle. Later that year on Christmas day, William was crowned King.
To keep the unruly citizens of London in line, he decided he needed a stronghold and so he built the Tower to act as his fortress.
With time, other smaller towers, extra buildings, walls, and walkways were added gradually transforming the original building into the splendid example of castle, fortress, prison, palace and finally museum that we enjoy today.
The Tower of London is a tourists attraction today.
