Answer:
The answer to the question: Where does the stimulus occur in order to initiate an AP, would be, B: Dendrites.
Explanation:
When an impulse is to be generated and passed on as an action potential towards a corresponding neuronal cell, and a final affected organ, the neurons need first to be stimulated so that an action potential begins. This stimulus comes as a neurotransmitter released by other neurons near the one that will be stimulated. This neurotransmitter will bind to the receptors on the dendrites of the neuron to be stimulated and immediately this will cause the ion channels, gated and non-gated, to open and close so that an action potential can be initiated. The cell body then initiates the first action potential, and will in turn stimulate the axon to also start their own action potential, which will, like a domino effect, move down to the axon terminals. This process will be followed all along a neuronal circuit.
Explanation:
Mitosis is the nuclear division followed by cytokinesis, which leads to the production of two daughter cells.
<u>It includes the following phases -
</u>
1. Interphase - In this process the Cell actively metabolizes and prepare itself for the process of mitosis and the Chromosomes are not clearly discerned .
2. Prophase - In this phase , the Chromatin gets to condense and can be visualized under a light microscope and Nucleolus gets disappeared , Centrioles begins to move to opposite ends of the cell .
3. Metaphase - In this phase the Spindle fibers gets align the chromosome along the middle of the nucleus of the cell thereby creating a metaphase plate .
4. Anaphase - In this phase , the chromosomes which got paired up gets separate at the kinetochores and move to the opposite directions of the cell , the Spindle microtubules and physical interaction among polar microtubules is responsible for kinetochore movement.
5. Telophase - In this phase , the Chromatids completely move to the opposite poles of the cell , and new membranes start forming around the daughter nuclei and the Chromosomes disperse and become invisible. Cytokinesis starts.
6. Cytokinesis - In this final process the Actin fiber ring around the center of the cell contracts and create the cell into two daughter cells.
<h3><u>
Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes Insipidus
</u></h3>
Explanation:
Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus are both metabolic endocrine diseases caused due to hormonal imbalance.
<u>Etiology</u><u>:
</u>
<u>Organ and hormone involved</u><u>: </u>
Diabetes mellitus occurs due to inefficiency of the pancreas to produce sufficient amount of the hormone insulin or lack of insulin action resulting in uncontrolled blood glucose levels.
Diabetes insipidus occurs due to inefficiency of the pituitary glands to produce sufficient amount of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin or lack of vasopressin action resulting in uncontrolled water metabolism.
<u>Signs and symptoms:
</u>
Diabetes mellitus results in increasing blood glucose levels, polyuria and nocturia, polydipsia, polyphagia, fatigue and various other complications affecting eyes, kidneys, nervous system, and heart as the disease progresses.
Diabetes insipidus results in increasing water levels due kidneys excreting large amounts of diluted urine leading to polyuria, polydipsia, and excessive dehydration and fatigue.
<u>Diagnostic/lab tests and results:
</u>
Diabetes mellitus is tested by testing blood glucose levels.
Diabetes insipidus is tested by testing water deprivation or vasopressin level test/the 24-hour urine for urine osmolality levels along with serum electrolyte level tests.
These tests are based on response to vasopressin, urine concentration abilities, urine osmolality, and electrolyte levels of the blood.
how does Ms. Gutierrez ethnicity play a role In her diagnosis what should be considered regarding patient's education
Answer:
Dissociative identity disorder
Explanation:
Dissociative identity disorder is associated with overwhelming experiences, traumatic events and/or abuse that occurred in childhood.
Symptoms of Dissociative Identity Disorder
The existence of two or more distinct identities (or “personality states”). The distinct identities are accompanied by changes in behavior, memory and thinking. The signs and symptoms may be observed by others or reported by the individual.
Ongoing gaps in memory about everyday events, personal information and/or past traumatic events.
The symptoms cause significant distress or problems in social, occupational or other areas of functioning.