Answer: D. Contractility of the heart muscle refers to the force of contraction that this muscle can exert.
Explanation:
The myocardial contractility is ability of the heart muscles to contract. This is achieved by the forces which develop between the contracting muscles caused by the filaments of actin and myosin.
The degree of binding of the muscle filaments dependents upon the calcium ion concentration. These actions are controlled in vivo by the sympathetic nervous system. It is driven by the release of the catecholamine, which is a process which determines the calcium ion concentration inside the cytosol of the muscles of the heart.
Answer:
First of all, show comprehension towards your patient and his or hers medical state. Remember these drugs are used on many pathologies or conditions, therefore the range of patients you have to deal with is wide. As this medications are known for creating dependency, several considerations must be taken into account. You must be able to manage the dosage, ways of administration, and onset effects of these drugs. You must know what effects to expect at first, and also possible side effects and how to manage them. Remember that respiratory depression is one of the side effects you must be more careful, as well as dependency. As for chronic use, you must be a guide to your patient on how to successfully complete treatment.
Explanation:
Benzodiazepines and hypnotics have peripheral and central effects. Central effects include sedation, hypnosis, decrease of anxiety, muscular relaxation and anticonvulsivant activity. And some of their side effects are dizziness, confusion, amensia, CNS depression and headaches.
Abnormal movements and involuntary movements of the mouth, tongue, and face
Answer:
The states of arousal describe the cycle of sleeping and alertness.
Explanation:
• how long it has been occurring
• if it gets worse at a particular point in the day
•Do you get chest pain, palpitations or ankle swelling?
•Does it come on or get worse when you lie flat?
•Does anything bring it on? For example, pollen, pets or medication?
•Do you smoke?
•Do you also have a cough, or bring up phlegm?
•How active are you usually?
•What’s your job or occupation?
•Is your breathlessness related to certain times at work?
•Do you have a history of heart, lung or thyroid disease or of anaemia?
•Have you made any changes in your life because of your shortness of breath?
•Do you feel worried or frightened, depressed or hopeless?
•What have you done to help you cope with the way you’re feeling?
•Does it come and go or is it there all the time?
•Is there any pattern to your breathlessness?
