Answer:
e. None of the above
Explanation:
For me as a Researcher, the reason could be increased Concentration of your DNA sample which you are using as your template. Try to decrease the concentration of DNA (up to 100 ng per reaction is enough and can increase up to 200 ng). so the reason for getting non specific bands is increase concentration of DNA which results in non specific amplification and also degradation of DNA in the reaction which you can see in your gel electrophoresis results.
i always corrected my results using the same technique that is lowering the concentration of DNA between 100 and 200 ng per single reaction of PCR.
1. is the second answer I believe and 2. is the first answer
I hope this helps
Answer:
D (Swell and Burst)
Explanation:
Pure water contains a very low concentration of solute materials, hence it is regarded as HYPOTONIC. Since the red blood cell contains intracellular fluid that contains more solutes than the extracellular pure water it is placed in, it is said to be HYPERTONIC in comparison with the pure water.
This difference in concentration between the extracellular solution (pure water) and the intracellular fluid (red blood cell) called CONCENTRATION GRADIENT facilitates the movement of water by OSMOSIS. Osmosis is the process whereby water moves across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a high solute concentration.
Based on this osmotic gradient, water moves from the extracellular solution into the cell, causing it to swell and eventually burst as a result of excessive water intake.
