Answer:
Courts and judges make up the judicial branch of our government. There are three separate court levels in this branch, District Courts, Court of Appeals, and the Supreme Court. The Constitution created the Supreme Court and gave the power of establishing other courts to the Congress.
Answer:
Engrossing one's self in work so that the feeling of productivity is enhanced
Explanation:
Our immune system is essential for our survival. Without an immune system, our bodies would be open to attack from bacteria, viruses, parasites, and more. It is our immune system that keeps us healthy as we drift through a sea of pathogens.
This vast network of cells and tissues is constantly on the lookout for invaders, and once an enemy is spotted, a complex attack is mounted.
The immune system is spread throughout the body and involves many types of cells, organs, proteins, and tissues. Crucially, it can distinguish our tissue from foreign tissue — self from non-self. Dead and faulty cells are also recognized and cleared away by the immune system.
If the immune system encounters a pathogen, for instance, a bacterium, virus, or parasite, it mounts a so-called immune response. Later, we will explain how this works, but first, we will introduce some of the main characters in the immune system.
Answer:
A. According to Guthrie, reinforcement changes the stimulating conditions and thereby prevents unlearning.
Explanation:
Guthrie trusted in one-trial learning. For him, reinforcement offers a via for the change of the stimulus context, making movement necessary, and learning progresses inside the limits of the behavioral act. Also, he understood that forgetting is an impediment resulting from new associations instead of a decrease of stimuli.
Answer:
an 'imminent' lawless action
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that the government can only restrict speech when it incites an 'imminent' lawless action. This means that freedom of speech is not protected by the First Amendment if the speaker is trying to incite a violation of any law and the action is imminent and likely.
