ANSWER:
Crusades, military expeditions, beginning in the late 11th century, that were organized by western European Christians in response to centuries of Muslim wars of expansion. Their objectives were to check the spread of Islam, to retake control of the Holy Land in the eastern Mediterranean, to conquer pagan areas, and to recapture formerly Christian territories;
Satan uses our 'fleshly weakness' to lead us into temptation. The first temptation Jesus faced in the wilderness was 'the lust of the flesh'. Just as it was then, in today's world this is the desire of material things such as food, clothing, money, etc. instead of trusting God for our provision of these things, specifically the 'spiritual food's that only God can give!
The Ottoman Empire fought alongside the Central Powers in World War 1, namely Germany and the Austria-Hungarian Empire. It had already been in a period of decline leading up to the war, and its defeat to the Allied Powers was essentially what led to its dissolution.
Following the defeat of the Central Powers and the occupation of Constantinople (Istanbul in present-day Turkey) that followed, the Ottoman Empire was partitioned (divided up) and temporarily administered by the victories Allied Powers. This meant the abolition of the Sultanate and the end of the Ottoman Empire.
Native Americans viewed land as something that was to be used communally by all members of a tribe
