The answer that makes the most sense is number one or two. Number 3 and number four both makes no sense in that context. Most of the time an animal will not die or mutate due to a parasite in its body.
Can I see the models?? I don´t know what the cactus looks like/
There are many types of natural selection like direct selection, disruptive selection and stabilizing selection.
The situation given is that a population of mice lives in a city. The largest mice tend to be killed by predators and the smallest mice cannot compete for food.
The type of selection here is stabilizing selection. It is a type of natural selection in which there is decrease in genetic diversity as the population stabilizes.
The answer to this is bioethics.
Bioethics is the ethics of medical and biological research
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Their valency is one and both belong to the third period