Answer:
Sam is currently on the obedience and punishment stage of moral development, which is the first stage in the first level (Preconventional).
Explanation:
The preconventional level centers on the idea that a <em>child's morality is </em><em>externally driven</em>, which means that his/her moral behavior is<em> influenced by an external stimulus</em> and not from his/her own thinking.
The first stage in this level is known as obedience and punishment and it occurs when the child <em>obeys rules</em><em> in order to </em><em>avoid punishment,</em> not because he/she believes in these rules.
In this case, Sam is not lending the toy because he thinks his mother will get mad and he will be punished, thus he opts to obey the idea he has of his mother in order to avoid a punishment he believes he will get.
Answer: They are a Group.
A group in sociology can be defined as a subset of a culture or society. And it can be said that a culture is the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize a particular society or nation.
A group can be formed by two or more persons as long as they share common interest, values and goals.
Leo, Ryan and Matthew clearly define a group as they are more than two; they share similar values, norms and expectations.
