Whatever% of anything is just (whatever/100) * anything.
since we know inflation is 3.7%, what is 3.7% of 1.69?
well is just (3.7/100) * 1.69.
that's how much the quart of oil costs more now. So simply add that to 1.69.
The second one is correct. 66/300 = x/100
In the y=mx+b format or a linear equation, this would be y=15x+25