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For example, cells in the interior of the body may be signaled by genes to become either muscle or connective tissues, while other cells on the exterior of the body will be signaled to become epithelial cells.
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Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are built from small molecular units. The small molecular units are called monomers
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I'm not really sure if that was what you were looking for, but I remember learning this in biology. I'm sorry if this doesn't help.
The main difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell is that the prokaryotic cell have no true nucleus instead its genetic material is just suspended in its cytoplasm termed as nucleoid. The nucleus when viewed under the microscope is a membrane bound which is easily distingushable compared to the nucleoid.
Another distinguishing feature is that prokaryotic cells are usually smaller than eukaryotic cells.