The main difference between the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire concerned the official religions they practiced. Whereas the Roman Empire was officially pagan up for most of its existence, the Byzantine Empire was Christian. The Byzantine Empire was the significant remnant of the Roman Empire that survived in southeastern Europe for a thousand years after the official fall of Rome in 476 CE. As noted, a key difference with Rome was that the Byzantine Empire was always Christian rather than pagan. This hardwired into Byzantium a lack of cultural openness to the kind of religious diversity that had helped classical Rome to expand and thrive.
Another important difference was the relative weakness of Byzantium vis-à-vis the Roman Republic's power in its heyday. While powerful in some ways, Byzantium did not function as a hegemonic cultural, political, and military superpower in the same way as did the classical Roman Empire. This had the downside of leaving western Europe vulnerable to attacks, particularly from Viking marauders, that would not have occurred under the Roman Empire, but this also created an upside in which the western Europeans were forced to create their own vibrant and flexible cultural, political, and military institutions and infrastructures in order to survive.
Byzantium remained crucially important, however, because it controlled Constantinople, the gateway to the Mediterranean as well the gateway to overland passages to Asia. This was a source of access to vital trade routes with the East that this remnant of the Roman empire safeguarded for western Europe. Unfortunately, however, unlike Rome in its heyday, Byzantium ultimately lacked military might to keep this territory from Muslim conquest.
Answer:two main steps proposal and approval
Explanation: because im doing the test right know and i got it right
The laws that people had to follow
The groups of merchants obtained Charters.
Answer:
C. Harmony between heaven and Earth
E. Victory in battle
Explanation:
According to the teachings of Confucius, heaven did not “command” the earth directly, but through the emperor, who was given the title of “Son of Heaven” for his supposedly divine origin.
The Chinese emperor, the Son of Heaven, which is located in the space between Heaven and Earth (symbolically expressed by the gates of Heavenly Peace of Tiananmen in the south and the gates of Earthly Peace of D’anmen in the north, as well as the round Temple of Heaven in the south and the square Altar of the Earth in the north). The emperor’s task is to maintain harmony between heaven and earth. The sovereign's receipt of the heavenly command is sent down according to the plans of Heaven. Therefore, his title is “Son of Heaven.” He must look to Heaven as a father, and serve Heaven in accordance with the path of filial piety.
His main duty was to perform the ritual associated with the cult of Heaven, in order to ensure peace and prosperity for his subjects. He did not lead an army on campaigns — his generals did it. However, his virtue was believed to provide victory in battle.
