The regionalism in the United States played an essential role in composition of group and personal identity among black communities. The black people in the South were well aware of their bad social position, but they had no other choice, because any attempts to improve this situation resulted in severe punishments. However, in early 19th century, the Northern states started huge protests against slavery. In 1820 the Missouri compromise divided the country into slave states and free states. After 1820 organized groups formed ways to help slaves escape and become free in the North. Some Black people tried to escape on their own. All those events helped to form personal identity of American black community.
Answer:
Nineteenth Century - Belgium had a colony in Africa: the belgian Congo. The Belgian leadership treated the native people of the Congo in an extremely brutal manner, most people were essentially slaves. Some workers were mutilated if they did not meet certain quotas, or if they "misbehaved".
Twentieth Century - France and Britain came to dominate several areas in the Middle East after the Ottoman Empire collapsed. The French Mandate in particular, created the countries of Syria and the Lebanon.
The problem was that the borders of these countries were created without regard for ethnic and religious differences.
For this reason, modern Syria and Lebanon are very conflictive countries (Syria is in a civil war, Lebanon had a civil war from 1975 to 1990) because of that.
Twenty-first century - The United States invaded Iraq in 2003 under the false claim that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction hidden in its territory. While the U.S. army managed to depose the former dictator, Sadam Hussein, the invasion caused the deaths of thousands of American Soldiers and Iraqi citizens, and Iraq continues to be a unstable country up to this day.
Answer:
Explanation:
The Zazzau, also known as the Zaria Emirate, is a traditional state with headquarters in the city of Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The current emir of Zazzau is Alhaji Ahmed Nuhu Bamalli who succeeded the former emir, late Alhaji Shehu Idris.[1]
The most important source for the early history of Zazzau is a chronicle composed in the early 20th century from oral tradition. It tells the traditional story of the foundation of the Hausa kingdoms by the culture hero Bayajidda, and gives a list of rulers along with the length of their reigns. According to this chronology, the original Hausa or Habe kingdom is said to date from the 11th century, founded by King Gunguma.[2] This source also makes it one of the seven Hausa Bakwai states. Zazzau's most famous early ruler was Queen (or princess) Amina, who ruled either in the mid-15th or mid-16th centuries, and was held by Muhammed Bello, an early 19th-century Hausa historian and the second Sultan of Sokoto, to have been the first to establish a kingdom among the Hausa.[3]
Zazzau was a collection point for slaves to be delivered to the northern markets of Kano and Katsina, where they were exchanged for salt with traders who carried them north of the Sahara.[4] According to the history in the chronicle, Islam was introduced to the kingdom around 1456, but appears to have spread slowly, and pagan rituals continued until the Fulani conquest of 1808. At several times in its history, Zazzau was subject to neighboring states such as Songhai, Bornu and Kwararafa.[5]
