The answer is
Bench trial
A bench trial is a form of trial that is judged only by a judge instead of a jury, it´s mostly used to administrative faults.
CASE: Marbury v. Madison (1803)
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- Marbury v. Madison, legal case in which, on February 24, 1803, the U.S. Supreme Court first declared an act of Congress unconstitutional, thus establishing the doctrine of judicial review. The court’s opinion, written by Chief Justice John Marshall, is considered one of the foundations of U.S. constitutional law.
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Thomas Paine introduced the idea of separating from England as a colony in his pamphlet Common Sense. Please mark Brainliest!!!
Answer:
I believe that your answer is Shanghai. Please correct me in the comments if I am wrong.