Passive transport. Uses no ATP
Because it is direct contact of the molecules in the air and the land that are touching.
It’s between b and d. I would go with b based on the information below.
The four primary functions of carbohydrates in the body are to provide energy, store energy, build macromolecules, and spare protein and fat for other uses. Simple carbohydrates are quick energy sources, but they do not usually supply any other nutrients or fiber. One of the most important functions of carbohydrates is to form a structure called the glycocalyx. This is a coat around the cell.
The sun gives direct energy and sunlight to the producer. The producer will grow until it reaches adulthood. A consumer will come eat from that said producer and receive its energy.